The Court consists of two judges from each Member State of the Union appointed by the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council on the proposal of the Member States of the Union. Their term of office is nine years.
The jurisdiction of the Court is laid down in the Statute of the Court.
Applications to resolve a dispute may be submitted to the Court by Member States and economic entities.
A Member State may apply to the Court with an application concerning the compliance of an international treaty within the Union or its particular provisions with the Treaty;
contesting the observance by another Member State of the Treaty, international treaties within the Union and/or decisions of the bodies of the Union;
concerning the compliance of a decision of the Eurasian Economic Commission with the Treaty, international treaties within the Union and/or decisions of the bodies of the Union;
challenging actions (failure to act) of the Eurasian Economic Commission.
An economic entity is entitled to contest the compliance of decisions and actions (failure to act) of the Eurasian Economic Commission with the Treaty and/or international treaties within the Union. However, not any decision can be contested before the Court, but only those of them directly affecting the rights and legitimate interests of the economic entity in the area of business and other economic activities.
The Court also has the jurisdiction to provide clarification of provisions of the Union law at the request of a Member State or a body of the Union or at the request of employees and officials of the bodies of the Union in case of provisions regarding labour relations.